| ID | 295 |
|---|---|
| Name | CHRONIC (MAXILLARY/ FRONTAL SINUSITIS) |
| Cause | Viral infections are responsible for many cases of frontal sinusitis |
| Signs Symptoms | nasal discharge. a feeling of “heaviness” or pressure behind the eyes. a headache. tiredness. a sore throat. muscle aches. facial congestion or a blocked nose. a reduced ability to smell. |
| Diagnosis | Diagnoses frontal sinusitis after performing a physical examination and taking note of a person's symptoms and medical history. Imaging techniques, such as CT and MRI scans, can show the extent of sinusitis and, in some cases, the most likely underlying cause |
| Investigations | CT and MRI scans, can show the extent of sinusitis and, in some cases, the most likely underlying cause |
| Management | Management: 1. Conservative treatment- dust, alcohol, & tobacco should be avoided, nutritious diet, carious teeth & other sepsis is treated, nasal decongestants (1% ephedrine in normal saline) & antihistamine oral preparation is given. Antibiotic- an appropriate antibiotic may be prescribed. 2. Surgical treatment-a. Antral wash b. Intranasal antrostomy c. Cald well IUC operation. |
| Introduction | This is chronic inflammation of the mucosa of various groups of paranasal sinuses. Acute maxillary sinusitis is characterized by facial pain, localized to the cheek, but also in the frontal area or the teeth, that is made worse by stooping down or straining. The pain can be unilateral or bilateral, and tenderness may overlie the sinus |
| History | |
| Etiology | See under causes |
| Clinical Features | Clinical features: Nasal obstruction, dull aching pain, headache which increases after rising in the morning, but gradually decreasing as the day goes on, hawking, chr. cough, depression & apathy, trickle of pus is seen under the middle meatus. X-ray of paranasal sinuses shows- i. thickening of lining mucosa, ii. haziness & opacity iii. fluid level etc. |
| Preventions | |
| Treatment | Viral infections are responsible for many cases of frontal sinusitis. The treatment plan usually involves rest, drinking plenty of fluids, and using over-the-counter nasal sprays or decongestants. If a bacterial infection is the underlying cause, a course of antibiotics can usually clear the infection. |
| Complications | Frontal sinusitis can be complicated by periorbital cellulitis, abscess formation, both periorbital and subperiosteal in the frontal bone anterior wall (Pott puffy tumor), and, rarely, cavernous sinus thrombosis. Intracranial complications include subdural and epidural empyema, meningitis, and intracerebral abscess |
| Prognosis | |
| Types | |
| Classification | |
| Observation | |
| Pathology | Maxillary sinus pathology may be of rhinogenic, odontogenic, traumatic, allergic, neoplastic and bone-related origin |
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