| ID | 293 |
|---|---|
| Name | RHINOSPORIDIOSIS |
| Cause | Rhinosporidiosis is an infection caused by a fungi Rhinosporidium seeberi. |
| Signs Symptoms | Nasal rhinosporidiosis may present with unilateral nasal obstruction or epistaxis. Other symptoms may include local pruritus, coryza with sneezing, rhinorrhea, and postnasal discharge (drip) with cough |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis of rhinosporidiosis depends on histological examination with immunohistochemistry. This often requires excisional biopsy, scraping of superficial lesions or fine needle aspiration. The histopathological sections will show sporangia in multiple stages of maturation enclosed within a thin wall |
| Investigations | Diagnosis of rhinosporidiosis depends on histological examination with immunohistochemistry. This often requires excisional biopsy, scraping of superficial lesions or fine needle aspiration. The histopathological sections will show sporangia in multiple stages of maturation enclosed within a thin wall |
| Management | Management: 1. Complete excision of the mass followed by cauterisation. 2. Dapsone for 2 years |
| Introduction | Usually a disease of the nose caused by a fungus, Rhinosporidium seeberi. |
| History | |
| Etiology | See under causes |
| Clinical Features | Clinical features: 1. It is common in males between the age groups of 10-40 years. 2. Nasal obstruction, bleeding from nose & itchiness. 3. Foliated, polypoid mass in the nasal cavity- pink or reddish in colour, bleeds on touch & surface is studded with minute white spots. 4. Diagnosisby biopsy & histopathology showing the sporangia containing the spores. |
| Preventions | Primary prevention. Primary prevention is to avoid swimming in stagnant water, particularly in warm, tropical climates, or endemic regions |
| Treatment | Local surgical excision is the treatment of choice for rhinosporidiosis. Recurrence has been reported with simple excision. Wide excision with electrocoagulation of the lesional base has been promoted to decrease recurrences |
| Complications | Complications of rhinosporidiosis are relatively rare. Disseminated infection may occur leading to osteolytic bone lesions which may be difficult to distinguish from relapse or reinfection in endemic regions |
| Prognosis | |
| Types | |
| Classification | |
| Observation | |
| Pathology | Caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi, traditionally thought to be a fungus but actually an aquatic protistan parasite |
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