| ID | 267 |
|---|---|
| Name | NIGHT BLINDNESS (Vit. A Deficiency) |
| Cause | |
| Signs Symptoms | |
| Diagnosis | |
| Investigations | |
| Management | |
| Introduction | The vitamin A deficiency manifests itself in both the eyes in several stages. Age incidence is usually 1-3 years, occuring more in males than in females. |
| History | |
| Etiology | |
| Clinical Features | Clinical features: Earliest symptom is night blindness without any other clinical sign in the eye. Later on there is dryness and lustureless of the conjunctiva and it becomes pigmented. Bitot’s spots appear on the bulbar conjunctiva. Then the cornea becomes dull and lustureless, comeal sensation is diminished, greyish spots of infiltrations appear. The area of inflammation breaks down and ulcers form. There is marked photophobia and blepharospasm. Finally the cornea either perforates or whole of the cornea may sloughs off. |
| Preventions | |
| Treatment | Treatment: 1. Local- application of antibiotic ointment and 1% atropine ointment when corneal lesion appears. 2. Systemic- i. Inj. Vitamin A 100,000 units i.m twice a week for 4 weeks. ii. Treatment of gastrointestinal disturbances. iii. Administration of vitamin A containing diet by mouth. |
| Complications | |
| Prognosis | |
| Types | |
| Classification | |
| Observation | |
| Pathology |
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