| ID | 189 |
|---|---|
| Name | GIARDIASIS |
| Cause | |
| Signs Symptoms | |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis: It is diagnosed by recognising the cysts in stools or the vegetative form in jejunal juice or mucus. Repeated examination may be necessary. |
| Investigations | |
| Management | |
| Introduction | Giardiasis is a protozoal infection of the upper small intestine caused by the flagellate Giardia lamblia (also known as G intestinalis or duodenalis). The flagellates attach to the mucosa of the duodenum and jejunum and cause inflammation. It particularly affects children in endemic areas, tourists and immunosupressed individuals. Incubation period is 1-3 weeks |
| History | |
| Etiology | |
| Clinical Features | Clinical features: 1. Recurrent attacks of urgent diarrhoea and abdominal discomfort. 2. Explosive loose pale stools are characteristics. 3. Severe malabsorption occurs. 4. Lethargy, flatulence, abdominal distension and epigastric pain are common. 5. Nausea and vomiting may occur. |
| Preventions | |
| Treatment | Treatment: 1. Tinidazole single dose of 40mg/kg (0.5 to 2gm) and repeated after 1 week. 2. Metronidazole 200-400mg t.d.s. for 14 days. Or, Metronidazole 2gm as a single dose can be given daily after breakfast for 3 days and the course should be repeated 1 week later. Or, 3. Quinacrine hydrochloride- 100mg t.d.s. for 5-7 days. |
| Complications | |
| Prognosis | |
| Types | |
| Classification | |
| Observation | |
| Pathology |
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