Allopurinol

Indications & Dose:

Prophylaxis of gout and of uric acid and calcium oxalate renalstones | Prophylaxis of hyper uric aemia associated with cancer chemotherapy

• BY MOUTH

Adult: Initially 100mg daily, form aintenance adjust dose according to plasma or urinary uric acid concentration, dose to be taken preferably after food Prophylaxis of gout and of uric acid and calcium oxalate renalstones (usual maintenance in mild conditions) | Prophylaxis of hyperuricaemia associated with cancer chemotherapy (usual maintenance in mild conditions

• BY MOUTH

Adult: 100–200mg daily, dose to be taken preferably after food Prophylaxis of gout and of uric acid and calcium oxalate renalstones (usual maintenance in moderately severe conditions) | Prophylaxis of hyperuricaemia associated with cancer chemotherapy (usual maintenance in moderately severe conditions)

• BY MOUTH

Adult: 300–600mg daily in divided doses (max. per dose 300mg), dose to be taken preferably after food Prophylaxis of gout and of uric acid and calcium oxalate renal stones (usual maintenance in severe conditions) Prophylaxis of hyperuricaemia associated with cancer chemotherapy (usual maintenance in moderately severe conditions)

• BY MOUTH

Adult: 700–900mg daily in divided doses (max. per dose 300mg), dose to be taken preferably after food 

Contraindications:

Side Effects:

Cautions:

Precautions:

Renal disease, hepatic disease, children 

Interaction:

Drugs
Angiotensiri-converting enzyme inhibitors: Predisposed to hypersensitivity reactions including StevensJohnson syndrome, skin eruptions, fever, and arthralgias

Antacids: Aluminum hydroxide inhibits the response to allopurinol

Azathioprine: Increased toxicity of azathioprine; requires dose adjustment

Cyclophosphamide: May increase cyclophosphamide toxicity

Cyclosporineltachrolimus: Increased toxicity of immunosuppressive drug

Mercaptopurine: Increased effect of mercaptopurine with increased risk of toxicity

Oral anticoagulants: Enhanced hypoprothrombinemic response

Theophylline: Large doses may increase serum theophylline levels 

Warnings:

Adverse Effects:

Lactations:

Allopurinol, and oxypurinol have been found in the milk of a mother who was receiving allopurinol 

Special Precautions:

Counselling:

Side Effects Or Adverse Reactions:

CNS: Drowsiness, headache, neuritis, paresthesia
EENT: Cataracts, epistaxis, retinopathy
GI: Anorexia, cholestatic jaundice, cramps, diarrhea, hepatomegaly, hepatotoxicity, malaise, metallic taste, nausea, peptic ulcer, stomatitis, vomiting
GU: Renal failure
HEME: Bone marrow suppression
MS: Arthralgia, myopathy
SKIN: Alopecia, ecchymosis, erythema, dermatitis, pruritus, purpura, StevensJohnson syndrome
MISC: Chills, fever, 

Patient And Carer Advice: