ORAL ANTI DIABETIC DRUGS

Indications & Dose:

Diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled by diet or by diet with oral antidiabetic drugs

BY MOUTH Adult: Initially 50 mg daily, then increased to 50 mg 3 times a day for 6–8 weeks, then increased if necessary to 100 mg 3 times a day (max. per dose 200 mg 3 times a day) Children: Under 12  years not recommended. 

Contraindications:

Inflammatory bowel disease, colonic ulceration, partial intestinal obstruction, chronic intestinal disease associated with marked disorders of absorption or digestion, cirrhosis history of abdominal surgery. Pregnancy & breast-feeding  not recommended.

Side Effects:

GI: Abdominal distension, borborygmus, diarrhea, elevated transaminases (15%), flatulence (70%)
METAB: Potential for hypoglycemia only with insulin or sulfonylureas

Cautions:

Precautions:

Monitor hepatic function tests specially with higher doses. May enhance hyperglycaemic effects of sulphonylureas (if it occurs give glucose and not sucrose). Old age: May be used. 

Interaction:

Drugs
Charcoal, digestive enzyme preparations: Reduced effects of acarbose
Cholestyramine: Enhanced side effects of acarbose
Neomycin: Enhanced reduction of postprandial blood glucose and exacerbation of adverse effects Metformin: Decreased metformin peak serum and AUC concentrations 

Warnings:

Adverse Effects:

Lactations:

Special Precautions:

Counselling:

Side Effects Or Adverse Reactions:

Patient And Carer Advice: