AMMONIUM CHLORIDE

Indications & Dose:

Hypochloremic states and metabolic alkalosis, systemic and urinary acidifier, expectorant (usually in combination with other expectorants and cough mixtures)

DOSE

• Expectorant: PO 250-500 mg q2-4h as needed

Child

• Acidifier: PO 75 mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses

Contraindications:

Severe hepatic disease, severe renal disease, metabolic alkalosis due to vomiting of hydrochloric acid when accompanied by loss of sodium (excretion of sodium bicarbonate in the urine) 

Side Effects:

Cautions:

Precautions:

 Severe respiratory disease, cardiac edema, respiratory acidosis, infants, children, elderly 

Interaction:

Drugs

Flecainide: Increased urinary clearance of flecainide

Spironolactone: Enhanced acid retention

Warnings:

Adverse Effects:

Lactations:

When consumed in large quantities nearterm may cause acidosis in mother and fetus; no data available regarding use in nursing mothers 

Special Precautions:

Counselling:

Side Effects Or Adverse Reactions:

CNS: Coma, confusion, drowsiness, headache, hyperreflexia, stimulation, tetany, tonic convulsions, tremors, twitching

CV: Bounding pulse, bradycardia, dysrhythmias

GI: Anorexia, diarrhea, gastric irritation, nausea, thirst, vomiting

GU: Glycasuria, hypercalciuria, polyuria

METAB: Hyperehloremia, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, hypomag nesemia, metabolic acidosis

RESP: Apnea, hyperventilation, irregular respirations

SKIN: Pallor; rash, pain, and irrita tian at infusion site (minimized by slow infusion); sweating 

Patient And Carer Advice: